Direct
Direct welfare estimate
A claim drawn from a welfare research estimate for a defined event, species, system, and time window.
Methods
How to read PainMap
PainMap separates event pain estimates from place proxy context. The event layer uses Welfare Footprint pain-intensity definitions and public estimates; the atlas layer uses directional burden proxies.
Modeled
Model-based estimate
A public estimate that combines empirical inputs with assumptions about duration, intensity, or production context.
Proxy
Country proxy aggregate
A directional scale indicator built from public datasets. It should not be read as a direct pain measurement.
- Welfare Footprint intensity language is used as an anchor, not a perfect human-animal conversion.
- Place context keeps source, vintage, method class, and uncertainty visible beside ranked values.
- Major assumptions, source type, confidence, and last review date should be visible beside the estimate.